ABSTRACT
Background: Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia is one of the leading causes for admission in NICU in the first week of life. This condition if left untreated may lead to irreversible neurological damage hence increasing mortality and morbidity in newborns. Neonatal Hyperbilirubinemia is treated with phototherapy which employs blue wavelengths of light to change unconjugated bilirubin in the skin. The bilirubin is then converted to less toxic water-soluble photo-isomers that are excreted in the bile and urine. There are several toxic effects to the use of this treatment, one of them being hypocalcemia.Methods: This study has been done at Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences in 2016-2018 on 100 new-borns to prove the effect of phototherapy on serum calcium levels in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia. New-born who were admitted in NICU for Hyperbilirubinemia were screened according to inclusion and exclusion criteria, their sample for serum calcium and serum bilirubin levels were taken as pre and post phototherapy samples.Results: It was observed that the mean Serum calcium level before phototherapy in neonates was 9.31 mg/dl with standard deviation of 0.69 mg/dl. Whereas after phototherapy mean serum calcium level in neonates was 8.88 mg/dl with standard deviation of 0.73 mg/dl. There was statistically significant mean difference in serum calcium level at before and after phototherapy in neonates (p<0.0001).Conclusions: This study proves the hypothesis that phototherapy can cause hypocalcemia in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia.
ABSTRACT
Introduction: A seizure or convulsion is a paroxysmal, time-limited change in motor activity and/or behaviour that results from abnormal electrical activity in the brain. Neonatal seizures are abnormal electrical discharges in the central nervous System of neonates usually manifesting as a stereotyped muscular activity or autonomic changes. Aims and Objectives: To Study Etiology, Onset and Type of Neonatal Seizures Methodology: The present study included 107 neonates presenting with seizures admitted to the NICU of MGM Medical College & Hospital, Aurangabad, during the period of two years from 1st June 2013 to 31st May 2015. All participants in the study were subjected to all investigations mentioned in the proforma, except for neuroimaging which was an optional investigation. The data were analyzed using software like Epi-info, Microsoft Excel. Result: Chi-squared for the onset of seizures on the first three days and more than three days with aetiology, χ2 =13.1312 with a p-value of 0.0107. Seizures during the first three days of life have a statistically significant correlation with birth asphyxia with a P value of < 0.05. Out of 71 neonates with birth asphyxia, 36 (50.7%) had subtle seizures, followed by GTS in 26 neonates (36.62%) & MFC in 6 (8.45%) neonates. In neonates with hypoglycemic seizures, 7 out of 15 (46.67%) babies had subtle seizures followed by GTS in 6 (40%), neonates. In neonates with meningitis (10 neonates), 5 developed subtle seizures (50%) and 3 had MFC (30%). In our study, there was no correlation between the type of neonatal seizures with the aetiology (p>0.05). Conclusion: The recognition of the aetiology of neonatal seizures is often helpful with respect to prognosis and treatment.
ABSTRACT
Lymphoma is a common cancer of childhood. Its pathologic subtype of anaplastic large cell Non-Hodgkins Lymphoma (NHL) is rare and spread to the central nervous system (CNS) is even rarer. We present here such a case who presented to us with an acute history of fever and diplopia and co-existent polyarthritis since 8 years diagnosed as NHL with CNS involvement. CNS involvement is a rare presenting manifestation of NHL and is an important cause of morbidity and mortality in these patients. Chronic arthritis could be a risk factor or manifestation of immunodeficiency or immune dysregulation when associated with lymphoma. It is important to suspect NHL in children presenting with these symptoms for prompt evaluation and better clinical outcome.